O’Gorman et al., 2012
Evidence that the multi-mineral, Aquamin inhibits the NF-κB signalling pathway in–vitro.
DM O’Gorman, C O’Carroll, RJ Carmody, University College Cork, Ireland
Phytotherapy Research: (2012) 26:630-632
NFκB (Nuclear Factor kappa B) plays a key role in regulating the immune response to inflammation. Incorrect regulation of NF-κB has been linked to inflammatory diseases and improper immune development. This project investigated if Aquamin can regulate the NFκB response in-vitro in murine macrophage (white blood) cell-lines.
Study Details:
• Murine macrophage cells were cultured & inflammation stimulated using bacterial LPS
• NFκB activity was measured using an in-vitro reporter assay.and also by translocation of NFκB from the cell cytoplasm to the cell nucleus in the presence and absence of Aquamin
• The upstream mediator of NFκB, IκB (Inhibitor of Kappa B) and the downstream mediator COX-2 were also examined +/- Aquamin. Inhibition of COX-2 can provide relief from the symptoms of inflammation and pain
Results:
Note: Total inhibition of NFκB would have serious and unwelcome consequences for the immune system. These results show partial inhibition of NFκB which may be of significant benefit.
• Aquamin inhibits NFκB activity in a dose dependent manner (Fig 1)
• NFκB moves from the cytoplasm to the nucleus when activated. Aquamin slows this translocation
• IκB is degraded more quickly in untreated samples compared to Aquamin samples slowing NFκB activation in the presence of Aquamin.
• COX2 is inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by Aquamin (Fig 2)
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